案中,信用证允许部分装运,并规定货物描述为frozen chicken leg quarters and sub-products. 提交的发票显示货物描述仅为frozen chicken let quarters. 尚有货物sub-products, 金额USD0.41未装运。可以吗?
分析及结论:
国际商会认为:信用证允许部分装运,并不意味着受益人在装运了部分货物后,有继续装运的义务,包括受益人已经装运了绝大部分货物,而仅剩下USD0.41 for the sub-products未装运。The shipment that was made showed a goods description of “frozen chicken leg quarters” only. In line with a partial shipment of the goods, this description would be acceptable on the basis that the “sub-products” would form any other shipment that was or had been made. It should be noted that the mere fact that a credit stipulates that partial shipments are allowed and the beneficiary effects a partial shipment, does not bind the beneficiary to make further shipment(s).
点评:
说实话,最终没有全部装运本就是部分装运的应有之义。
引申:
如果提交的发票显示货物描述仅为frozen chicken let quarters,且支完所有的信用证金额,还构成不符吗?我们认为,仍然不是不符点,因为尚装运的货物sub-products, 可能金额为零。
“实际上第二批装运已经构成了不符点,因为没有把剩余的数量运完。In effect, the second drawing was discrepant for the reason that the balance of the goods was not shipped at that time. The query reflects that the documents were accepted. It is not clear whether the acceptance was by waiver of the applicant to the discrepancy that not all the goods had been shipped or error on the part of the issuing bank in not observing the discrepancy. ”
“开证行有权拒付第三批单据。The issuing bank was entitled to refuse the documents presented as a third drawing.”
点评:
从申请人的意图意图来看,案例中的货物只能在2批次内装运完毕。信用证的规定shipped in two lots,直译即为:全部数量必须在2批内装运。反之,所有数量的装运批数仅为1批或在3批(含)以上,则不可接受。从逻辑上看,当第二批货物未装运完时,已经意味着所有数量的装运,只能在3批(含)以上完成,从而未满足信用证要求。
当然,信用证可以另有规定。比如:预付款10%证外支付,90%货款证内支付时,信用证往往会在42C drafts at 规定:… for 90 pct of the invoice value … 此时,受益人便不能按100%的装运货物价值支款。还比如:资本物品、大宗物品贸易信用证往往规定货物一次性装运,货款多次支取,尾款支取必须凭最终确认报告final acceptance report。