互联网金融观察杂志特约专栏作家、深圳瀚德创客金融投资有限公司研究员杨望，IMI所长助理、研究员曲双石近日在China Daily Africa联合发表文章。文章称科技将会促进实体经济的发展。首先，金融科技将会使金融产品和服务更加安全有效支持实体经济发展。其次，金融科技将会改善中国经济和消费结构。最后，金融科技将会为规避风险提供一个更好的方式。

以下为文章中文全文：

2016年12月中旬召开的中央经济工作会议提到“着力振兴实体经济……要更加重视优化产业组织，提高大企业素质，在市场准入、要素配置等方面创造条件，使中小微企业更好参与市场公平竞争。”

中央把实体经济作为2017年工作的重点，这对于中国经济的平稳转型无异于加注了一针强心剂。然而近年来，随着经济的下行，以及去产能，去库存等因素的影响，以往银行配置的非标资产增量将大幅下降，这将对房地产企业的融资以及地方融资平台造成极大的影响。另外，从银行表内发出的贷款，也将由于利润率的下降，被企业拿出一部分投向虚拟经济领域。这将造成流动性在虚拟经济领域空转，对实体经济的发展产生极大的负面影响。

实体经济提供产品和服务，是一国经济的根本，金融作为虚拟经济是现代经济的血液。就如黄奇帆所说：金融是为实体经济服务的，如果不为实体经济服务，那就没有灵魂，就是毫无意义的泡沫。

传统金融受制于信息不对称、安全问题以及时空限制等，在为实体经济服务方面有着许多难以逾越的障碍。而在2016年，金融科技科技的出现给我们带来了新金融的曙光。金融科技把最新的移动互联、大数据、云计算，以及当下很热的区块链技术运用于金融领域，对于弥补信息不对称、安全问题以及时空限制等传统金融的短板，避免虚拟经济与实体经济的脱节，流动性空转有极大的助益。

互联网金融在2013年经过了一轮行业洗牌，脱胎于互联网金融，2016年“金融科技”在监管中浴火重生。科技应用于金融是推动金融创新的主要驱动力，通过金融创新来刺激消费，促进中小企业发展，鼓励创新，从而助推实体经济的发展，将是金融科技对传统金融改造的应有之义。

金融科技改造过的金融产品与服务，相较于传统的金融产品和服务有更高的效率和质量。金融科技将很大程度上改变金融的三大要素“风险，杠杆，信用”，提升金融对于实体经济正效用。

首先，金融科技直接作用于金融产品和服务，金融科技的改造将使产品和服务更安全、更高效，这将更加有效的支持实体经济。例如支付宝、paypal等线上支付工具的普及，将有效促进交易环节效率的提高，降低交易成本。而建立以区块链技术为基础架构的金融服务体系，将使得企业生产运营、销售财务和流程管理体系中创造并分享的数据更加可信。这些值得信赖的数据将成为金融服务流程中下一阶段的重要生产资料，从很大程度上提升企业经营运转效率，向全社会提供更加安全、更低成本的产品服务，以提升全社会整体资源配置效率。

其次，金融科技使得金融活动在支持实体经济发展中，能够更好地促进结构调整，这将为供给侧改革提供有力工具。消费结构的升级，产业结构的升级是供给侧改革的重要内容。而消费结构和产业结构的升级在传统的金融体系之下面临着两大难题：借款难，贷款难。《2016中国消费信贷市场研究》报告，中国除去住房按揭贷款后，真正意义上的消费信贷比重不到5%，远低于国外成熟市场30%左右的平均水平。截至2015年末，全国工商登记中小企业超过2000万家，个体工商户超过5400万户，而只有约10%左右能从银行得到贷款。金融科技的发展无疑是为解决这两大难题提供了一个恰当的解决方案。个人消费领域应用金融科技的信贷工具已经全面铺开，如京东的白条，支付宝的芝麻花呗。企业信贷方面，各种基于大数据的P2P网贷平台也在不断发展。

最后，金融科技的应用无疑会加强金融自身的风险防控，提高金融活动的安全性，这对于实体经济的平稳运行有着十分重要的意义。举例来说，金融大数据的应用有极大的机会发展出可靠的风控体系，这对以财报为基础传统的风控体系是一个很好的补充甚至替代。如果一个公司存在财务造假的可能，金融机构可以通过收集该公司散落在互联网上的交易、支付以及其它相关数据加以挖掘，从而降低其违约风险。

以下为文章英文全文：

Fintech will help boost real economy

Technology will potentially provide the tonic needed to get finance and business working efficiently in the near future

The latest Central Economic Work Conference of China has put boosting the real economy high on the agenda for 2017. A real economy that provides products and services is the key to a country's economic success and the finance industry should serve its development.

Due to information asymmetry, security problems and restrictions on time and space, the traditional finance sector presents many barriers to serving the real economy. However, in recent years, the appearance of Fintech (financial technology) has brought new opportunities.

Fintech refers to the technologies that can be used in the financial sector to help traditional companies innovate, such as the mobile internet, big data, cloud computing and the blockchain. It could help solve problems that traditional financing may have.

Technology could be the main driver for financial innovation, which would then stimulate consumption and encourage the development of businesses, especially small and medium-sized companies, and then boost the development of the real economy.

Financial products and services using Fintech would be more efficient and of higher quality compared with their traditional counterparts. Fintech would greatly influence some key aspects of the finance industry, such as risk, leverage and credit.

First, Fintech would make products and services safer and more efficient to support the real economy. For example, the common use of online payment tools such as Alipay and Wechat wallet, increases the efficiency of transactions and lowers costs. Moreover, a financial services system based on blockchain technology will make data produced by companies more accurate. Accurate data will greatly improve the efficiency of companies' operations.

Second, Fintech will improve China's economic and consumption structure. The upgrading of industrial and consumption structure is a key element in China's supply-side reform. Under the current traditional financial system, consumers face problems borrowing and companies find it difficult to get loans from banks. One report showed that in 2016 consumer credit accounted for only around 5 percent of the whole credit market, which is about 30 percent lower than the rate for developed countries. By the end of 2015, China had more than 20 million companies and 54 million self-employed entrepreneurs, but only about 10 percent of them were able to get loans from the banks.

Fintech provides a solution to this. In the individual consumption sector, credit instruments have become quite commonly used. For example, internet retail giant JD.com has launched an online financial service which allows consumers to borrow money for purchases and, if they pay it back within 30 days, pay no interest.

For companies, there are many peer-to-peer lending platforms emerging in China, which are based on big data. With Fintech, these p2p platforms could collect money from individuals and then lend to companies and individuals, based on an evaluation of their information, which would also increase the quality and efficiency of financial activities.

In the end, Fintech would provide a better way of avoiding risk, which is important to the stable development of financial activities.

The application of big data in the financial industry will make it easier to develop reliable risk control systems, which could supplement more traditional risk control systems based on the financial reports. If a company is likely to commit financial fraud, big data from online transactions, payments and other related issues could predict such a situation. This could help improve the financial institutions' ability to assess default risks.

来源：杨望 曲双石 IMI财经观察 China Daily Africa